Thursday, May 18, 2006

Whence the Light of God?

In the Qur'an, it is written in Surah an-Nur (The Light, No. 24), verse 35

"Allah is the Light of the heavens and the earth. The Parable of His Light is as if there were a Niche and within it a Lamp: the Lamp enclosed in Glass: the glass as it were a brilliant star: Lit from a blessed Tree, an Olive, neither of the east nor of the west, whose oil is well-nigh luminous, though fire scarce touched it: Light upon Light! Allah doth guide whom He will to His Light: Allah doth set forth Parables for men: and Allah doth know all things." (Yusuf Ali translation)


and verse 40 reads:

"Or (the Unbelievers' state) is like the depths of darkness in a vast deep ocean, overwhelmed with billow topped by billow, topped by (dark) clouds: depths of darkness, one above another: if a man stretches out his hands, he can hardly see it! for any to whom Allah giveth not light, there is no light!"


The great eleventh century commentator al-Ghazzali juxtaposed with this a Hadith (which, curiously I've found only in Shi'a collections of Hadith) which reads,

"Allâh hath Seventy Thousand Veils of Light and Darkness: were He to withdraw their curtain, then would the splendours of His Aspect surely consume everyone who apprehended Him with his sight." (quoted in Al-Ghazzali, Mishkât Al-Anwar (tr. W. H. T. Gardiner), London: Royal Asiatic Society, 1921, pp. 77-78)


There is such beauty in these verses, in these passages, and at the same time, I see this as being an almost universal yearning in human hearts, for light rather than darkness, for assurance of truly, somehow, to be accepted and received into the very presence of the living God. Certainly in and of ourselves we could never apprehend God as He is. We would be consumed. Like attempting to walk on the moon without a spacesuit; it is interesting that God's presence is described in the Hebrew and Christian Scriptures in places as being like a sea of glass, in other places like a sea or river of fire.


Of course, that is why I believe that the very Word of God Himself became a human and lived among us; that we might bear the Light of God (in the sense of being able to stand in His Presence as well as to "carry" His Presence within us). The Injil contains an interesting, almost parallel passage in this regard,

"But whenever anyone turns to the Lord, then the veil is taken away. Now, the Lord is the Spirit, and wherever the Spirit of the Lord is, he gives freedom. And all of us have had that veil removed so that we can be mirrors that brightly reflect the glory of the Lord. And as the Spirit of the Lord works within us, we become more and more like him and reflect his glory even more." (2 Corinthians 3:8-10, NLT)


and

"
Satan, the god of this evil world, has blinded the minds of those who don't believe, so they are unable to see the glorious light of the Good News that is shining upon them. They don't understand the message we preach about the glory of Christ, who is the exact likeness of God. We don't go around preaching about ourselves; we preach Christ Jesus, the Lord. All we say about ourselves is that we are your servants because of what Jesus has done for us. For God, who said, "Let there be light in the darkness," has made us understand that this light is the brightness of the glory of God that is seen in the face of Jesus Christ. But this precious treasure – this light and power that now shine within us – is held in perishable containers, that is, in our weak bodies. So everyone can see that our glorious power is from God and is not our own." (2 Corinthians 4:4-7, NLT)


God reveals Himself in a unique Way in Christ, the Messiah, Who said, " 'Ana us-Sirat, 'Ana l' Haqq, wa 'Ana l'Hayy!" (I am the Way, the Truth, and the Life!) As our lives are joined with His, and His Death and Resurrection become our own, we are, in spite of our weakness, made increasingly into a reflection of Who He is.

7 comments:

Joshua Luke Roberts said...
This comment has been removed by a blog administrator.
Joshua Luke Roberts said...

I believe it was Athanasius who said,

"God came to earth so that we might become like God."

This idea of Theosis or Union with God is a humbling one for us humans. The Greek Orthodox Church teaches that this is the ultimate goal of Christianity, which we should strive towards here on earth. Yet few will achieve its finality on this earth - for most of us who seek it, we would only expect to achieve it in the life to come.

Matt said...

Hi Josh,

You are correct about Athanasius' quote, from On the Incarnation of the Word of God, a work which significantly deepened my own understaning of the Incarnation. Theosis is a concept which sometimes sounds jarring to Evangelical ears, especially when the Greeks translate it as "divinization"; it can sound like some New Age or Mormon idea. In fact, it is nothing of the sort; it is ultimately the foundation of John Wesley's teaching on Sanctification. Wesley is, in many respects, the key theologian who in a sense mediated concepts of the Eastern Church into Protestant terms. Some veryh interesting and thought provoking writing on Wesley's interaction with the Patristic writers is found here, here and here. A very well written Evangelical assessment of Theosis doctrine by theologican Robert Rakestraw published a few years ago in the Journal of the Evangelical Theological Society (JETS) is available in PDF format here.

My personal favorite analogy of a proper perspective of theosis doctrine is the description given by the great Sadhu Sundar Singh nearly a hundred years ago. He wrote:

"Seeker: Is the goal of prayer to lose our individuality
and dissolve into oneness with God?

Sadhu: We have been created in the image of God. Our destiny is to be restored into that image. God
came to us in the Master to restore us to God’s divine nature. In this way, the Master transforms us into
flames of spiritual fire. To become spiritual fire means to become like God. Even the smallest flame of fire is fire and has all the qualities of fire. This does not mean that our spirit is God’s spirit, as some pantheists and philosophers suppose. We are not fragments of God’s
spirit. We are not God. God is distinct from us, but our souls can only find peace in oneness with God.

A sponge lies in the water and the water fills the sponge, but the water is not the sponge and the sponge is not the water. It is the same when I immerse myself in God. God fills my heart and I am in complete union with God, but I am not God and God is not I. We are
distinct though not separate.

People are very different from one another – in character, temperament, and abilities – even though
we are all created in the image of God. Indeed, if all the flowers in the world were of the same color and
scent, the very face of the earth would lose its charm. When the sun’s rays pass through colored glass, the
color does not change, but the sun highlights and reveals its varied hues, its true charm. So the sun of
righteousness shines through the varied characters of spiritual men and women, revealing God’s boundless
glory and love." (Sadhu Sundar Singh, The Wisdom of the Sadhu (E-Book)(Kim Comer, ed.; Farmington, PA: The Bruderhof Foundation, 2003), pp. 121-123)

Thanks for your comments!

Matt

Joshua Luke Roberts said...

Thanks for the info, am currently enjoying reading through the information on Wesley - very insightful.
Sadhu Sundar Singh is perhaps an apt example of one of those few who achieves Theosis here on earth - some interesting similarities to St John of the Cross.

See: http://www.ccel.org/j/john_cross/


By the way, how are you putting in links in the comments column? I haven't been able to work out how.

Matt said...

Hi Josh,

Very belated answer on your question regarding formatting for links in my previous answer. The way I figured it out was to look at the source for another similar page and see how the links were formatted there. I'd put it here for you, except if I did, it would only come out as another link! In Firefox one can go to "view" and then "page source" and look at how things are formatted.

Matt

Anonymous said...

Matt,

you've just begun and already this blog rocks. For me, the eastern church is essentially a millenias old mystery...I am very curious about its approach to Christianity. I certainly did not know about Wesley's influence. About all I've read on this regards the filioque controversy (not much help there)! Thanks for the start.

There are so many strands in the tradition.

t

Anonymous said...

Matt,

duh. This was posted in May. Sorry.

You should keep going!

t